Will the right side pocket, below the loop, accept a galxy s5 with an otterbox on it?

No, maybe with out a case but the pocket is pretty good for screwdrivers things like that.

Are these made in America?

Mine also say made in Mexico of U.S. fabric.. this not imported from overseas. Excellent made work jeans and long lasting

Do they have knee pad cut ous

I've been using these for years with knee pads. The two inch slot (clean out) will accept thinner knee pads made for these type of jeans. If you look here (https://smile.amazon.com/1010-Soft-Knees-Strap-Knee/dp/B00IWZ82AA/ref=sr_1_6?dchild=1&keywords=jean+knee+pads+for+men&qid=1613142768&sr=8-6) you will find the knee pads and some illustrations that show how to insert them.

i usually wear a waist 27 but i LOVE baggy pants. but ones that won’t make me look stupid. will a 30x30 be okay for me?

Well I guess they would but these are work pants with reinforced panels on the thighs and knees. The fit in the legs is loose to start while the waist is comfortable. They are heavy and I wear a belt snug. Baggy or sagging in these your pants will fall down or off. If you’re getting these for work they are great and have lasted me years. As everyday jeans they are a bit hot and take many washings to break in.